Advances in Biological Sciences Research

The use of plant-based feed ingredients in aquaculture is expected to reduce feed costs. However, plant ingredients generally have a low protein content and are difficult to be digested by monogastric animals. The fermentation process is proven to increase the digestibility and nutritional value of plant...

Protein crystallography is a very critical process that limits the development of pharmaceutical engineering. Microfluidic technology has provided an opportunity for protein crystallization. In this paper, a flow-free droplet-based device is presented for producing highly controlled crystals and fabrication...

The deficiency of productive agricultural land was an obstacle in the development of edamame cultivation. The utilization of suboptimal land, especially acid dry land, is a solution for the development of edamame cultivation. South Kalimantan has acid dry land covering an area of 87.61% of the total...

The annual output of soy sauce was reported to be more than 4.4 million tons in China, which would threaten the environment with its high salinity. The Bacillus in this study were isolated from soy sauce residue, which would contribute to its recycling. This study aims to investigate the external and...

Garlic is horticultural commodity which has very high economic value in Indonesia. Garlic is usually used as a cooking spice, for medicines as well as for cosmetic ingredients. However, Indonesian garlic production is very limited and only supplies at most 17.5% of domestic demand. The province of West...

Increase national maize production has not been followed by an increase in maize productivity per unit area because maize was grown on land that was not suitable with these land quality. This study aims to determine the land quality that control of local maize production. This research was conducted...

Dry rot, caused by various species of Fusarium, is one of the most important fungal storage rots affecting potatoes. Infection of tubers occurs through wounds during planting, mechanical harvesting, and grading into size bands. The research aim was to identify the fungus carried by the tuber and its...

Many waste materials are produced from manufacturing processes, service industries, and municipal solid waste, one of which is plastic waste. Plastic consumption from year to year is increasing uncontrollably. The amount of use is getting higher every year because of the high population density that...

The influence of different drying temperatures and drying loads on the drying characteristics of coarse coconut palm sap sugar were investigated in this study. The granulated coconut palm sap sugars were dried using an air-oven dryer at three temperature variations (60, 70, 80°C) and three different...

The microstructure, hydrophobicity, adhesion and chemical composition of the butterfly and moth wing surfaces were investigated by a scanning electron microscope (SEM), a contact angle meter, and a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR). Using ground calcium carbonate (heavy CaCO3) as contaminating...

Biogas is a methane-rich gas produced from microbial digestion of waste (agricultural, sewage, and landfill) which can be used for power production. The low rate of biogas production from an anaerobic digester becomes a problem in cow manure processing increasing. Biogas production is influenced by the...

Alligator gar (Atractosteus spatula) has been introduced to many places outside its native range. The fish is considered as an invasive alien species that needs to be eradicated upon encounter in Indonesia due to its aggressive behavior. Despite existing regulations in Indonesia, the fish is still bred...

A working day is a unit of labor used in calculating farming analysis and generally amounts to 8 hours in a day which has been calculated with 1 hour of rest. This study aims to determine the time allocation of family labor for the Bali cattle business with lowland rice farming, carried out in August-September...

Poplar as a woody-plant model is significant to improve the transformation efficiency of poplar. The effect of different leaf age as explants on transformation frequency was studied. The results exhibited that the higher transformation frequency was generated by 30-day-old leaf explants, compared with...

Phyllosphere bacteria were bacteria that inhabit around the leaf surface. Several studies showed the potential of phyllosphere bacteria in producing bioactive compounds, one of which is antimicrobial compounds. Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.) was a plant from the Rutaceae family that was commonly...

The “tapak macan” planting system is one of the technologies that has been proven to be successful in increasing rice productivity in the Special Region of Yogyakarta to 16–17 tons/ha. The “tapak macan” is a planting system that uses three stems planted with a triangular symmetrical pattern, with the...

This study aims to determine the potential of livestock resources for the development of beef cattle in Mojogedang sub-district, Karanganyar Regency. The research was conducted in June-August 2022 located in Mojogedang Sub-district, Karanganyar Regency. The data used are primary data and secondary data....

Cocoa produces a huge by-product during its processing, such as cocoa pod husk (CPH). It requires a proper material handling method to process cocoa pod husk due to its perishability, so it can be used as a food ingredient. This research purpose is to get the best way to produce high-quality cocoa pod...

The purpose of this study was to look over young farmers’ entrepreneurial behavior and attitude toward challenges in agriculture. Data collection was done through semi-structured interview. This study involved 50 young horticultural farmer respondents in 10 regencies of East Nusa Tenggara. The result...

The last report on bird identification on the UNS was in 2015 with the results of 50 bird species, while the development and reforestation processes proceeded rapidly after that. Avifauna is a collection of birds that inhabit a certain location, the wealth and abundance of which is the basis for further...

This study was carried out to compare the diversity of Nepenthaceae, Orchidaceae, and Zingiberaceae families in central Johor. The chosen locations are the Belumut Forest-Eco Park, Mo’akil Permanent Forest Reserve, and Soga-Perdana Permanent Forest Reserve, which have forest types categorized as, undisturbed...

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease caused by combined genetic and environmental factors that change the normal pathways of human immunity. SLE is potentially fatal and carries significant morbidity. The SLE patient can inherit multiple predisposing genes. T The identified SLE...

Chlorine peroxide, Sodium hypochlorite and hydrogen peroxide were chosen as oxidant to prepare potato oxidized starch, and the properties of oxidized starch were determined. The results showed that carbonyl content of oxidized starch prepared by H2O2 is 0.329%, much higher than other oxidized starch...

The microstructure, wettability and chemical composition of butterfly and locust wing surfaces were investigated by a scanning electron microscope (SEM), a contact angle meter and a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR). The hydrophobicity models were established on the basis of Cassie equation....

Mangrove rehabilitation is an activity to replant mangrove ecosystems that have been damaged. This study aimed to measure the physical condition of rehabilitated mangroves, analyze the role of the government, and measure community perceptions, aspirations and actions in mangrove rehabilitation activities....

The Dayak Sampit people believe that pitcher plant is a medicine for diarrhea and gastroenteritis. This study aims to depict the ethnobotanical study of pitcher plants in the tradition of Dayak Sampit people of Singsingan Hamlet, Tehang Village, Parenggean Sub-district, Kotawaringin Timur Regency. The...

Dairy cattle are one of the livestock commodities that have a promising opportunity to make a profit. In Indonesia, many dairy farmers join milk cooperatives to market their fresh milk products. The partnership between dairy farmers and dairy cooperatives is very helpful for farmers in the process of...

In the coffee bean test procedure for determining the value of defects, physical separation of defective beans is carried out. This physical test is carried out using human senses or using assistive devices. It is necessary to have a system that can perform the identification and selection process of...

CV. Eja Nursery is one of the rubber plantations located in Kutai Kartanegara District, East Kalimantan. Indonesia is the second largest rubber producer in the world. Based on the initial observations it was found that there was not ergonomic work environment at CV. Eja Nursery. Not ergonomic work environment...

Cadmium (Cd) is one of the metal elements that is often found contained in cacao plantation system. The first gate of Cd contamination is soil as medium of plant growth. The soil characteristics such as texture and pH play vital role in chemical and physical reaction in the soil that may increase mobility...

Coconut shells are widely used as an ingredient in charcoal for cooking, daily use, and also to make activated charcoal. Activated charcoal has the ability to clean and absorb dirt on the skin, but this has not been widely used. So the purpose of this research is the use of coconut shell-activated charcoal...

Indonesia, as an agricultural country, has a large amount of small ruminant population, which contributes a significant amount to national enteric CH4 emission. This study aimed to calculate enteric CH4 emission from small ruminants (sheep and goat) in Indonesia using Intergovernmental Panel on Climate...

Cassava is an important food and potential biofuel crop with starch-rich edible tuberous roots. It is tolerant to multiple abiotic stresses and can produce an acceptable yield under the adverse climatic and nutrient-poor soil. However, the molecular mechanisms of starch accumulation and the abiotic stress...

Objective: Analysis common animal models and vitiligo clinical symptoms anastomotic situation, put forward recommendations of improving the model. Methods: By summarizing the characteristics and modeling methods of vitiligo model and according to the clinical diagnostic criteria of vitiligo on TCM and...

Microbial utilization of agricultural biomass wastes has been widely used to synthesize certain an enzyme. We previously investigated that cellulase can be produced under solid stated fermentation based on coffee pulp waste substrate using Aspergillus sp. VTM1. Crude cellulase production was optimized...

Agricultural extension activities as a form of educational facilities for the community, especially farmers have an important role in making changes with innovations delivered to vegetable farmers. The adoption process of innovation can affect the occurrence of behavior changes that can be observed directly...

Objective: To explore the safety and efficacy of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) for the treatment of renal calculi in elderly patients. Methods: Totally 57 elderly patients (mean age 69 years, ranged from 61 to 87 years) with renal calculi were treated by PCNL in our hospital from January 2013 to...

The Dayak Ngaju is the largest ethnic in Central Kalimantan whose existence is spread over several watersheds and very close to nature (forests). It has been a long time since people have traditionally used or made use of various types of plants to treat Diabetes mellitus. The utilization of plant species...

This research aimed to determine the nutrient content and total bacteria in bio-slurry. In addition, the abundance of plankton, total bacteria and protein content of milkfish cultivated in ponds using bio-slurry were analyzed. The first stage was to make bio-slurry by testing two different main raw materials;...

Singkarak lake is the largest lake in West Sumatra that is experiencing a decline in fish species. The main factors are constructing hydroelectric power plants, degradation, overfishing, and invasive species. Therefore, a reliable non-invasive survey method is needed to detect fish species. A monitoring...

Every gender has the right to have the same role in making business happen. In this case, the role of women in the development of the agricultural sector and the Indonesian economy is crucial, not only for men. Business in the agricultural sector is essential to improve in Indonesia. Indonesia is an...

Menopausal condition with low estrogen level caused vaginal atrophy that it is a condition where vaginal lining become dryer and thinner and it would be easier to get inflammation. So, it was important to find out the treatment to inhibit it. This research was aimed to determine the effects of Graptophyllum...

Amide tautomer imidic acid were exit, which proved by NMR spectra characterization. The protein BSA was test by 1H NMR in different pH values solutions, to show the different amide/imidic acid structures exit in BSA. The amide/imidic-acid unit with H proton communication might be the biological protein...

Impacts of soil constraints limiting yields often depends on climate. In years with adequate rainfall, only small impacts of soil constraints are expected. But in dry years, soil constraints can limit plant water uptake and trigger spatial variation in crop growth. In wet years, waterlogging-related...

Purposes: Summarize the experience of nursing care on a suicidal patient with an internal jugular vein catheterization with hemodialysis. Prevention of such adverse events, improving adherence of patient to hemodialysis. Method: According to the patient's condition, implement emergency care when in a...

Energy consumption is increasing in daily life along with the development of human life. The most widely used energy source in everyday life is light. In tropical areas and islands such as Bangka Belitung, the intensity of light changes rapidly. Sunny weather in the morning turns dark in the afternoon....

Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) from Staphylococcus aureus could be considered as a therapeutic agent to eliminate cancer cells. SEB can activate immune response, which furthermore could induce apoptosis of various cancer cells. This study was proposed to design a SEBsyn coding sequence suitable for...

Hybrid Power Plant is a combination of power plants that use solar and micro hydro power sources. The purpose of this research is to measure the value of power, measure the value of current and voltage measurements using a DC voltage sensor and ACS712 current sensor. The experiment was conducted to determine...

Antibiotic resistance is currently an important problem in the field of animal and human health. The main triggering factor for the incidence of bacterial resistance is wisdom in the use of antibiotics. Handling cases of bacterial infections in cats still make antibiotics be the main choice. One of the...

Cellulase has been widely used in many applications of industries and is commonly produced by a cellulase-producing-fungus using production substrates from agricultural wastes biomass. In the wet processing of the coffee, up to 63% of coffee pulp rich-cellulose has been released. This potential waste...

Bacillus spp. was recognized as biocontrol agent because could produce antifungal towards many phytopathogenic fungi. In relation to study the potency of B. siamensis LDR as biocontrol, antagonistic activity of the bacilli was evaluated against Fusarium sp., Ganoderma sp., and Chaetomium globosum InaCC...

In acidic medium, Fe (III) can be reduced to Fe (II) by hydrosulfuryl (-SH) in acetylcysteine molecule, and then using sulfosalicylic acid as chromogenic reagent of Fe (III) to determinate the acetylcysteine indirectly by discoloration spectrophotometry.An accurate fast spectrophotometric method for...

The Industrial Revolution era 4.0 directed the development of Non-timber Forest Products (NTFPs) based on development strategies related to aspects of production efficiency and business profitability through rural agro-industry. This research aimed at analysing the profitability and efficiency of the...

The objective of this study was to determine the precise location of workers in poultry houses using BLE beacons methods. Data was collected from two poultry houses using smart device systems during the experimental period. A score map was developed using a fingerprint algorithm based on the obtained...

[Purposes] Our aim is to explore the brain stereotaxic method of aquatic animal-robots. [Methods] Carps were anesthetized by Eugenol. The carp skulls and brain were observed by the method of anatomy. Carp brain structure and size were obtained by three-dimension images which were structured by CT. The...

The agricultural system in Indonesia has changed to meet the needs. The green revolution farming system has begun to be abandoned and switched to integrated agriculture. Integrated agriculture, in principle, is to integrate several components that work together to produce products. Integrated agriculture...

Coffee husk is one of solid coffee waste that contains the amount of phytochemical composition, including saponin. Saponin is a valuable compound for human and animal health. This research analysed and compared the saponin value of three species of coffee husk that originated from southern Thailand and...

Antibiotic resistance among pathogenic bacteria has become a problem in the medical community. Copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) have become one method of combating antibiotic resistance in bacteria. The antibacterial activity of Synthesized Copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) from sigma 774103-5G against various...

Phosphorus is the main macronutrient required by plants for growth and development. Phosphorus in the soil in bonds with metals such as Al and Ca, especially in acid soils such as ultisols. This form of phosphate must be mineralized or dissolved using phosphate solubilizing bacteria. The ability to dissolve...

Mirabilis jalapa is a dry tropical plant which is well grown in Indonesia. Betaxanthin active compound is present in the M. jalapa plant, which plays a role in iron metabolism. Cytotoxicity activity is one important assay for drug development. Therefore, this study aimed to determine whether ethanol...

Mung bean (Vigna radiata) is a nutrient-rich food with a low glycemic index, which is generally served in the form of drinks with various flavors. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of mung bean combined with a ginger (Zingiber officinale) extract which contains anti-inflammatory ingredients...

This paper presents a model of detection age which quantifies the appearance changes of human skin at different stages of aging without traditional skeleton. We provide a novel method to extract age-related primitive features from skin surface images obtained by a digital camera, including skin surface...

A destructive testing for identification the presence of non-food grade Rhodamine B (RhB) dyes in food products requires complex sample preparation and is not environmentally friendly because of chemical using. Even though, this testing for foodstuffs such as chili paste requires more simple, rapid testing...

Objective: To discuss treatment of purulent core in facial spatial infection by VSD technique and handling effect; Methods: patients with drainage tube blockage by purulent core are selected as research objects among patients undergoing treatment of oral cavity facial spatial infection by VSD technique,...

Maleo bird (Macrocephalon Maleo) is a protected endemic animal species of Sulawesi Island due to being in an endangered condition. This bird is included in megapodes with blackish fur and small head shape. This animal is unique due to its monogamous characteristic and relatively giant egg size. Maleo...

Precision agriculture has greatly improved the quality and quantity of crop yield over the last four decades. However, this approach depends on the availability of sufficient quality data. Determining the amount of weed coverage and crop damage is crucial in crop management. In addition, water stress,...

The purpose of this study was to determine the factors affecting productivity in oil palm farming. The study was conducted in Desa Air Hitam, Pondok Suguh District, Mukomuko Regency, Indonesia. Desa Air Hitam in Pondok Suguh District has an area of 10,165 ha (9.87%) of the total area of oil palm plantations...

Green open space has a variety of functions that will be useful in creating environmental management balance and harmony. A decent city is not only about luxurious buildings, but also has space and facilities to support children’s growth and development. The purpose of this research is to develop a green...

This study aimed to determine the effect of adding gamal leaf extract in artificial feed on the growth rate and feed conversion ratio of bileh fish (Rasbora sp.). The method used in this research is the experimental method, with Completely Randomized Design experimental design. There were four treatments...

Pectinase is a heterogeneous enzyme that hydrolyzes pectin, which is currently in high demand in the industry, so a strategy is needed to produce it economically. Aspergillus VTM4 is a mold that can grow on pomelo pulp and produce pectinase. Under solid-state fermentation, the crude pectinase was produced...

To assess the feasibility of abdominal contrast-enhanced CT imaging using low iodine flow rate .40 consecutive patients referred for abdominal contrast-enhanced CT imaging of upper abdomen were enrolled in this study,and were randomized into 2 groups according to different injection protocols. 28 grams...

Systematic management of oil palm-cattle integration considers as one of the best alternative solutions to meet the need of increasing local beef and dairy. The change in oil palm plantation management systems can influence the soil microbial community. Microbes mediate many key processes in soils and...

Antibiotic resistance is one of the most serious health issues in the world which is commonly attributed to the overuse of antibiotics whether in human or animal treatment. The dispersion of antibiotic resistance genes not only found in bacteria from the clinical sample but also found in wildlife animals....

This study aims to determine the effect of using molasses, KH2PO4 and MgSO4 media with different concentrations and formulations on S. cerevisiae’s growth in manufacturing single-cell protein (SCP). The method used was the response surface methodology (RSM), consisting of 14 treatment formulations and...

Backcross is a cross between an offspring and its parents, or an individual that is genetically similar to its parents, to minimize the genetic variation of the resulting offspring. A female Pelung cross with a male F3 Golden Kamper is a type of backcross. Golden Kamper chicken is a breed of chicken...

Proper testing parameters of eggplant resistance to bacterial wilt in the greenhouse are needed for efficient and effective development of resistant eggplant varieties in order to increase eggplant fruit productivity and quality. This research aims to obtain the most accurate observed resistance testing...

Soil moisture is an essential factor in supporting the crop’s growth. The total soil moisture affects plant fertility, which impacts its productivity. The information about soil moisture can be used for crop scheduling to optimize the potential of the harvest and reduce crop failure risk. The utilization...

Dementia is the most common onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The main neuropathological characteristics of AD are extracellular amyloid plaques and intracellular accumulation of hyperphosphorylated Tau protein. Because of the complexity of the pathogenesis, the most treatment options are not effective...

The morbidity of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which has become a significant killer to human life, is getting higher over the years. Not only the shape and structure of liver cells are abnormal in pathological images, but also liver cell cords show some unusual phenomena, such as incrassation and...

Alang-alang (Imperata cylindrica L.) is an annual rhizomatous grass and traditionally well known for its therapeutic values, especially in treating fever, muscle soreness, nosebleed and respiratory asphyxia. It has been reported to contain different classes of secondary metabolites and attracted scientists’...

Body size is essential as an indicator of growth in the economic trait. The objective of this study was to evaluate the chicken selection between crossbred chickens and their parental groups using body size variables. This study used 5 Murung Panggang chickens (parental males) and 131 crossbred chickens...

Integrated Crop Management-Farmer Field School Program (ICM-FFS) was one of the Indonesian government’s programs, which had been recognized to increase rice production. The successful implementation of ICM-FFS can be attributed toits impact on economic (production, productivity, and income) and social...

Female adolescent in their growth phase will experience menstruation. One of the menstrual disorders most often experienced by female adolescent is dysmenorrhea. This research was aimed to determine the correlation between nutritional status and physical activity with the degree of dysmenorrhea in female...

A study aimed to determine the response of several varieties of tomato plants that were given goat manure and to determine the interaction of these two factors. The study used a 3x5 factorial randomized block design (RAK) with 3 replications. There were 2 factors studied, namely varieties (Tymoti, Servo...

This type of research is quasi-experimental. The design that will be used in this study is the randomized posttest only control group. The experimental group was subjected to treatment. The sample in this study used two sample groups, namely experimental class students and control class students who...

Objective: To make intrinsic biological distinctions between qi deficiency pattern and qi stagnation pattern with genes related to NEI. Methods: Establish a data dictionary of NEI-related genes and a keyword lexicon of qi deficiency pattern and qi stagnation pattern. Then retrieve relevant literature...

Hydrolytic Pectinase is an important enzyme and is widely used in several industries. In the previous investigation, this enzyme could be produced by Aspergillus sp. VTM5 under solid-state fermentation and the coffee pulp waste substrates were used. The specific activity of about 0.4 U/ml of pectinase...

The oil palm plantations in Indonesia are more than 14 million hectares and have been cultivated for more than 100 years in various types of land, climates, and various technical cultural treatments. The cultivation process will produce very large data. However, the utilization of these data has not...

This study aimed to analyze the effect of CYP2E1 gene polymorphisms and breed sheep on carcass and non-carcass traits. A total of 50 rams used in this study were collected from 20 crossbreed sheep (10 Barbados Cross Sheep (BCS) and 10 Compass Agrinac Sheep (CAS)) and 30 local breed sheep (15 Javanese...

Eel has economic value and nutritional content needed by the body. The demand for eel continues to increase both in fresh and processed forms. The activity of using eel in the waters of the Konaweha River is still very low; this is related to the low understanding of the community regarding the economic...

This paper is an attempt to empirically measure the Transaction Costs (TCs) incurred by the farmers across different Modern Food Retail Chains (MRFCs). Evidence from existing studies indicate that MFRCs tend to behave opportunistically towards farmers due to an incomplete contract, lack of enforcement...

The cat’s digestive tract is one of the vital systems that often facing the deadly diseases. This study aims to identify digestive system disorders/diseases in cats. A total of 100 cats of various breeds and ages with one or more symptoms of digestive disorders was used in this study. All cats were physically...

To develop a rapid molecular biological method for the detection of equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV), a set of 4 primers were designed according to the conserved sequence fragment of the gag non-structure protein gene of EIAV published in GenBank, and the reverse transcriptase loop-mediated isothermal...

Lobster (Panulirus homarus) or spiny lobster is one of the export commodities of the Indonesian fisheries subsector and an important component for shrimp fisheries in Indonesia. This commodity needs to be further developed because of its high trade value and potential. Lobster enlargement cultivation...

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the safety and efficacy of propofol sedation with a target-controlled infusion (TCI) computer-assisted pump and bispectral index (BIS) monitoring in elderly patients during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreateography (ERCP). Methods: Included were...

Menopause presents menstrual cessation that occurs physiologically and is associated with osteoporosis and periodontitis. Osteoporosis and periodontitis are silent diseases that present clinically in the late stage, which alveolar bone resorption causing tooth loss represents both of these disorders....

Society Era 5.0 is a society that can solve various challenges and social problems by utilizing various innovations from the Industrial Revolution Era 4.0. To be able to face the society era 5.0, students have to be equipped with 21st century skills and basic literacy skills (data literacy, technological...

Coffee pulp is an agro-industrial waste that is produced in huge amounts in Indonesia. The coffee pulp contains hemicellulose, with 63% of the total cellulose. In our previous study, the cellulase activity of Penicillium sp VT11 from coffee pulp waste was assayed under the solid-state fermentation (SSF)...

Drying process of coffee cherries by sun drying needs two-three weeks to produce dry coffee beans. Efforts have been made by researchers to accelerate this process by introducing various types of solar dryer but their drying performances are subject to be improved. This experimental study aimed to explore...

Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is a plant that is used as raw material for various food products, medicines, cosmetics and energy sources. Oil palm has a productive age of up to 25-26 years, harvested from the age of 3-4 years, and reaches peak production at the age of 9-14 years. As a fruit-producing...