Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health

Volume 8, Issue 3-4, December 2018
Editorial

1. New TB Tools Need to be Affordable in the Private Sector: The Case Study of Xpert MTB/RIF

Nirros Ponnudurai, Claudia M. Denkinger, Wayne Van Gemert, Madhukar Pai
Pages: 103 - 105
Short Communication

2. Overweight Risk and Food Habits in Portuguese Pre-school Children

A.M. Machado-Rodrigues, R.A. Fernandes, Maria-Raquel Silva, A. Gama, I. Mourão, H. Nogueira, V. Rosado-Marques, C. Padez
Pages: 106 - 109
The relationship between dietary intake and overweight-risk was assessed in 4349 children aged 3–5 years. Eating and sedentary behaviours were assessed by questionnaire. Logistic regressions were used. Children who consumed daily soft-drinks were 1.52 times more likely to be obese, and 72% more likely...
Review Article

3. Global Health Diplomacy: Between Global Society and Neo-Colonialism: The Role and Meaning of “Ethical Lens” in Performing the Six Leadership Priorities

Michele Rubbini
Pages: 110 - 114
Establishing indicators oriented towards the creation of a global society to the detriment of new forms of neo-colonialism. In the relations between Developed and Emerging Countries as part of the Global Health Diplomacy, there is a risk that the former can adopt behaviors induced by the financial needs...
Research Article

4. Epidemiology of HBV in Pregnant Women, South West Nigeria

Glory Atilola, Obadara Tomisin, Mayowa Randle, Komolafe O. Isaac, Gbenga Odutolu, Josephine Olomu, Laide Adenuga
Pages: 115 - 123
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains a leading cause of chronic hepatitis, maternal complications, and neonatal deaths in sub-Saharan Africa. Pregnant women serve as a major reservoir for the persistence and ongoing transmission of hepatitis B virus and HIV in a generalized heterosexual epidemic. The aim...
Research Article

5. The Predictive Value of Personality Traits for Psychological Problems (Stress, Anxiety and Depression): Results from a Large Population Based Study

Zeinab Alizadeh, Awat Feizi, Mehri Rejali, Hamid Afshar, Ammar Hassanzadeh Keshteli, Peyman Adibi
Pages: 124 - 133
The current study aimed to determine the prognostic values of personality traits for common psychological problems in a large sample of Iranian adult. In a large sample of healthy people (n = 4763) who lived in Isfahan province; the NEO-FFI was used to assess the personality traits; depression and anxiety...
Research Article

6. Demographic, Socio-economic and Lifestyle Determinants of Under- and Over-nutrition among Bangladeshi Adult Population: Results from a Large Cross-Sectional Study

Dipak K. Mitra, Sabuj Kanti Mistry, Kaosar Afsana, Mahfuzar Rahman
Pages: 134 - 142
Bangladesh is currently going through a nutritional transition with rapid increase in overnutrition while undernutrition is still remaining prevalent. Nevertheless, population-based data on demographic, socio-economic and lifestyle factors associated with underweight and overweight among adult population...
Research Article

7. Evaluation of the Cell Phone Microbial Contamination in Dental and Engineering Schools: Effect of Antibacterial Spray

Reihaneh Hosseini Fard, Raziyeh Hosseini Fard, Mohammad Moradi, Maryam Alsadat Hashemipour
Pages: 143 - 148
Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the microbial contamination of cell phone in dental and engineering schools and also investigating the effect of an antibacterial spray. Method and Materials: A questionnaire was completed by participants, including the pattern of using mobile...
Research Article

8. Prescribing Patterns for Acute Respiratory Infections in Children in Primary Health Care Centers, Makkah Al Mukarramah, Saudi Arabia

M.H. Shaheen, M.I. Siddiqui, H.A. Jokhdar, A. Hassan-Hussein, M.A. Garout, S.M. Hafiz, M.M. Alshareef, A.M. Falemban, A.A. Neveen, A.A. Nermeen
Pages: 149 - 153
Acute respiratory infections (ARI) are a major public health problem and one of the commonest reasons for visiting primary health care centers (PHC). In developing countries, seventy-five percent of the cases are treated with antibiotics, although the majority are caused by viral infection. Our aim was...
Research Article

9. Adult Children’s Migration and Well-being of Left Behind Nepalese Elderly Parents

Saruna Ghimire, Devendra Raj Singh, Dhirendra Nath, Eva M. Jeffers, Maheshor Kaphle
Pages: 154 - 161
The objective of this study is to assess whether adult children’s migration is associated with overall well-being of left-behind elderly parents in Nepal. A cross-sectional house-to-house survey was conducted among 260 community-dwelling elderly residents of Krishnapur municipality, Nepal. Binary logistic...
Research Article

10. Serological Detection of Ebola Virus Exposures in Native Non-human Primates of Southern Nigeria

B.N. Ogunro, B.O. Olugasa, E.J. Verschoor, A.O. Olarinmoye, I. Theyse, H. Niphuis
Pages: 162 - 170
Ebola viruses (family: Filoviridae) are the cause of Ebola virus disease (EVD), a highly fatal illness characterised by haemorrhagic fever syndrome in both humans and non-human primates (NHPs). West Africa was the epicentre of the 2013–2015 EVD epidemic which caused the death of over 11,000 people, including...
Research Article

11. An Estimation of the Burden of Sports Injuries among African Adolescents

Drake G. LeBrun, Julius del Rosario, John D. Kelly, Sherry M. Wren, David A. Spiegel, Nyengo Mkandawire, Richard A. Gosselin, Adam L. Kushner
Pages: 171 - 175
The extent to which sports injuries contribute to the burden of injury among adolescents in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is unknown. The goal of this study was to estimate the incidence of sports injuries among adolescents in Africa. Data from the World Health Organization Global School-Based...
Research Article

12. The Effect of a Regimen of Antifungal Cream Use on Episodes of Acute Adenolymphangitis (ADL) among Lymphedema Patients: An Application Using Marginal Structural Models

K.E. Mues, M. Klein, D.G. Kleinbaum, W.D. Flanders, L.M. Fox
Pages: 176 - 182
Episodes of adenolymphangitis (ADL) are a recurrent clinical aspect of lymphatic filariasis (LF) and a risk factor for progression of lymphedema. Inter-digital entry lesions, often found on the web spaces between the toes of those suffering from lymphedema, have been shown to contribute to the occurrence...
Research Article

13. Self-rated Health Among Saudi Women: Association with Morbidity, Lifestyle, and Psychosocial Factors

Hoda Jradi, Zuhaa Alharbi, Yasmeen Mohammad
Pages: 183 - 188
Self-rated health (SRH) is an essential global measure of general health and quality of life, and a predictor of the mortality and morbidity of populations. We assessed the SRH and identified associated factors among women in Riyadh, the capital of Saudi Arabia, using a cross-sectional survey conducted...
Research Article

14. Prevalence and Genetic Analysis of α- and β-Thalassemia and Sickle Cell Anemia in Southwest Iran

Forozan H. Nezhad, Khojasteh H. Nezhad, Parastoo M. Choghakabodi, Bijan Keikhaei
Pages: 189 - 195
This prospective study assessed the prevalence and genetic analysis of α- and β-thalassemia and sickle cell anemia (SCA) in Southwest Iran. Hematological indices were measured in 17,581 couples living in Khuzestan Province, Southwest Iran. Individuals with mean corpuscular volume <80, mean corpuscular...
Research Article

15. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of 50 Patients with Surgically Treated Cystic Echinococcosis from Basrah Province, Iraq

Mohanad Faris Abdulhameed, Ian Duncan Robertson, Suzan Ali Al-Azizz, Ihab Habib
Pages: 196 - 202
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is recognised worldwide as a neglected disease of public health concern, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. The objectives of this study were to describe, using a questionnaire survey, the characteristics, attitudes, knowledge, and practices of patients with...
Research Article

16. Hepatitis A and E Outbreak Surveillance during 2015–2017 in Kashmir, India: Is the Water to Blame?

Syed Manzoor Kadri, Saleem-ur-Rehman, Kausar Rehana, Despoina-Rafailia Benetou, Dar Farooz Ahmad, Afshan Abdullah, Vijay Kumar Chattu
Pages: 203 - 207
Waterborne diseases, such as hepatitis A and E, are a major public health concern in most developing countries, indicating the need for proper outbreak prevention, surveillance, and timely management. This study presents data regarding the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis A...
Research Article

17. Survey of Respiratory Care Professionals’ Knowledge in Early Mobilization: A Pilot Study

Hatem Othman Qutub, Abdelaziz Smiah Matani, Faraz Ahmed Farooqi
Pages: 208 - 212
Early mobilization (EM) is practiced for intensive care unit (ICU) patients in many hospitals in the Eastern Province in Saudi Arabia. Respiratory care professionals’ knowledge about using EM was, therefore, surveyed and investigated to improve and update its practice and ultimately to develop related...
Research Article

18. Pattern of Antidepressant Utilization and Cost in Iran from 2006 to 2013 in Comparison with Other Countries

Fatemeh Soleymani, Forouzan Taheri, Elizabeth Roughead, Shekoufeh Nikfar, Mohammad Abdollahi
Pages: 213 - 219
Antidepressant prescribing patterns have changed globally over the past few years, with conventional drugs including tricyclic antidepressants and monoamine oxidase inhibitors being replaced by selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and novel antidepressants. The objective of this study was...
Research Article

19. Genetic Characterization of Second-Line Drug-Resistant and Extensively Drug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis from the Northern Region of India

Rakesh Yadav, Aastha Saini, Jureka Mankotia, Rajiv Khaneja, Priyanka Agarwal, Sunil Sethi
Pages: 220 - 224
Rapid detection of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis is important for the successful treatment of tuberculosis. Fluoroquinolone and aminoglycoside resistance detection by molecular methods becomes more complex due to cross resistance among them. Thus, we aimed to determine cross-resistance...
Research Article

20. A Tablet Based Embodied Conversational Agent to Promote Smoking Cessation among Veterans: A Feasibility Study

Abu S Abdullah, Stephan Gaehde, Tim Bickmore
Pages: 225 - 230
Embodied Conversational Agent (ECA) offer a new means to support smokers as a virtual coach and motivate them to quit smoking. In this study we assess the feasibility and acceptability of an ECA to support quit smoking (“aka ECA-Q”). ECA-Q, a 14-days program, delivered through Tablet computers, interacts...
Research Article

21. Epidemiology of Meningitis in Oman—Implications for Future Surveillance

Padmamohan J. Kurup, Seif Al-Abri, Salim Al-Mahrooqi, Amina Al-Jardani, Shyam Bawikar, Bader Al-Rawahi, Idris Al-Abaidani
Pages: 231 - 235
Objectives: This study aimed to understand the epidemiology of meningitis cases admitted to hospitals in Oman and to identify any changing microbial patterns from the introduction of the new vaccines. Methods: A retrospective analysis of all cases of meningitis reported through a national surveillance...