Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health

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Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2019, Pages 259 - 265

Molecular Analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolated in the North Central Zone of Nigeria

Authors
Benjamin David Thumamo Pokam1, 2, *, Dorothy Yeboah-Manu2, Lovett Lawson3, Prisca Wabo Guemdjom4, Ruth Okonu2, Laura Madukaji3, Nchawa Yangkam Yhiler1, 5, Anne Ebri Asuquo6
1Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
2Bacteriology Department, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
3Zankli Medical Centre, Utako, FCT Abuja, Nigeria
4Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
5Department of Allied Health, Biaka University Institute, Buea, Cameroon
6Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
*Corresponding author. Email: thumamo@yahoo.fr
Corresponding Author
Benjamin David Thumamo Pokam
Received 30 June 2019, Accepted 5 October 2019, Available Online 25 October 2019.
DOI
10.2991/jegh.k.191015.001How to use a DOI?
Keywords
Tuberculosis; HIV; rifampicin resistance; LAM10_CAM; Nigeria
Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) incidence in Nigeria is high, with a significant burden of TB/Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Genotyping and drug susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex (MTBC) are important in order to improve the control of the disease. This study sought to determine drug susceptibility and genetic diversity of MTBC in the country. The sputum samples of 202 patients [133 (65.8%) males/69 (34.2%) females] were collected in the North Central zone of Nigeria and cultured using Lowenstein–Jensen medium. Immunochromatography for the primary identification and Drug Susceptibility Testing (DST) by proportion method, as well as IS6110 typing, regions of difference 1, 4, 9, 12, 702, and 711, and spoligotyping were carried out on the isolates. Following the DST on 202 isolates, 51 (25.2%) showed resistance to at least one drug. Multidrug resistance was observed in 29/202 (14.4%) cases. HIV positivity [37/202 (18.3%) patients] was associated with rifampicin 9/37 (24.3%) resistance (p = 0.012) as well as gender (p = 0.009). Of the 202 isolates, 150 (74.3%) were identified as the Cameroon sublineage, followed by the UgandaI, Haarlem, and West Africa 1 with 18 (8.9%), 10 (5%), and 6 (3%), respectively. The LAM10_CAM was the most prevalent genetic family [128/202 (63.4%)], with the shared international type 61 [111 (55%) isolates] the largest cluster. Gender (p = 0.038) and age (p = 0.015) had significant associations with the LAM10_CAM family but neither with HIV (p = 0.479) nor drug resistance. Rifampicin resistance in TB/HIV coinfected patient is a major concern in the study area. The Mycobacterium africanum lineage showed a marked decrease, and the need to educate females most at risk of TB/HIV coinfection is advocated.

Copyright
© 2019 Atlantis Press International B.V.
Open Access
This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).

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<Previous Article In Issue
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Journal
Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health
Volume-Issue
9 - 4
Pages
259 - 265
Publication Date
2019/10/25
ISSN (Online)
2210-6014
ISSN (Print)
2210-6006
DOI
10.2991/jegh.k.191015.001How to use a DOI?
Copyright
© 2019 Atlantis Press International B.V.
Open Access
This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).

Cite this article

risenwbib
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Benjamin David Thumamo Pokam
AU  - Dorothy Yeboah-Manu
AU  - Lovett Lawson
AU  - Prisca Wabo Guemdjom
AU  - Ruth Okonu
AU  - Laura Madukaji
AU  - Nchawa Yangkam Yhiler
AU  - Anne Ebri Asuquo
PY  - 2019
DA  - 2019/10/25
TI  - Molecular Analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolated in the North Central Zone of Nigeria
JO  - Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health
SP  - 259
EP  - 265
VL  - 9
IS  - 4
SN  - 2210-6014
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/jegh.k.191015.001
DO  - 10.2991/jegh.k.191015.001
ID  - Pokam2019
ER  -