Impact of Advocacy, Communication, Social Mobilization and Active Case Finding on TB Notification in Jharkhand, India

Hemant Deepak Shewade; Vivek Gupta; Vaibhav Haribhau Ghule; Sashikanta Nayak; Srinath Satyanarayana; Rakesh Dayal; Subrat Mohanty; Sukhwinder Singh; Moumita Biswas; Kiran Kumar Reddy; Gayadhar Mallick; Om Prakash Bera; Prabhat Pandey; Sripriya Pandurangan; Raghuram Rao; Banuru Muralidhara Prasad; Ajay Madhugiri Venkatachalaiah Kumar; Sarabjit Singh Chadha

doi:10.2991/jegh.k.190812.002

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Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2019, Pages 233 - 242

Impact of Advocacy, Communication, Social Mobilization and Active Case Finding on TB Notification in Jharkhand, India

Authors

Hemant Deepak Shewade¹^{, 2}^{, *}, Vivek Gupta³, Vaibhav Haribhau Ghule⁴, Sashikanta Nayak⁵, Srinath Satyanarayana¹, Rakesh Dayal⁶, Subrat Mohanty⁵, Sukhwinder Singh⁵, Moumita Biswas⁵, Kiran Kumar Reddy⁵, Gayadhar Mallick⁵, Om Prakash Bera⁵, Prabhat Pandey⁵, Sripriya Pandurangan⁵, Raghuram Rao⁷, Banuru Muralidhara Prasad⁵, Ajay Madhugiri Venkatachalaiah Kumar¹^{, 2}^{, 8}, Sarabjit Singh Chadha⁹

¹Centre for Operational Research, International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (The Union), Paris, France

²Department of Operational Research, The Union South-East Asia (USEA), New Delhi, India

³Dr RP Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India

⁴Joint Efforts for Elimination of TB (JEET) Project, Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics (FIND), New Delhi, India

⁵Department of TB and Communicable Disease, The Union South-East Asia (USEA), New Delhi, India

⁶State TB Cell, Department of Health and Family Welfare, Government of Jharkhand, Ranchi, India

⁷Central TB Division, Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, New Delhi, India

⁸Yenepoya Medical College, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangaluru, India

⁹Infectious Diseases, Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics (FIND), New Delhi, India

^*Corresponding author. Email: hemantjipmer@gmail.com

Corresponding Author

Hemant Deepak Shewade

Received 10 April 2019, Accepted 10 August 2019, Available Online 6 September 2019.

DOI: 10.2991/jegh.k.190812.002 How to use a DOI?
Keywords: Tuberculosis epidemiology; tuberculosis prevention and control; disease notification; multilevel analysis; program evaluation
Abstract: Community-level benefits of screening for active tuberculosis (TB) disease remain uncertain. Project Axshya (meaning free of TB) conducted advocacy, communication, social mobilization, and active case finding among vulnerable/marginalized populations of India. Among 15 districts of Jharkhand state, the project was initiated in 36 subdistrict level administrative units – tuberculosis units (TUs) in a staggered manner between April 2013 and September 2014, and continued till the end of 2015. Seven TUs did not implement the project. We assessed the relative change in the quarterly TB case finding indicators (n = 4) after inclusion of a TU within the project. By fitting four multilevel models (mixed-effects maximum likelihood regression using random intercept), we adjusted for secular (over previous five quarters) and seasonal trends, baseline differences within Axshya and non-Axshya TUs, and population size and clustering within districts and within TUs. After inclusion of a TU within the project, we found a significant increase [95% confidence interval (CI)] in TU-level presumptive TB sputum examination rate, new sputum-positive TB Case Notification Rate (CNR), sputum-positive TB CNR, and all forms TB CNR by 12 (5.5, 18.5), 1.1 (0.5, 1.7), 1.3 (0.6, 2.0), and 1.2 (0.1, 2.2) per 100,000 population per quarter, respectively. Overall, the project resulted in an increase (95% CI) in sputum examination and detection of new sputum-positive TB, sputum-positive TB and all forms of TB patients by 22,410 (10,203, 34,077), 2066 (923, 3210), 2380 (1162, 3616), and 2122 (203, 4059), respectively. This provides evidence for implementing project Axshya over and above the existing passive case finding.
Open Access: This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).

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Journal: Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health
Volume-Issue: 9 - 4
Pages: 233 - 242
Publication Date: 2019/09/06
ISSN (Online): 2210-6014
ISSN (Print): 2210-6006
DOI: 10.2991/jegh.k.190812.002 How to use a DOI?
Open Access: This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).

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ris enw bib

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Hemant Deepak Shewade
AU  - Vivek Gupta
AU  - Vaibhav Haribhau Ghule
AU  - Sashikanta Nayak
AU  - Srinath Satyanarayana
AU  - Rakesh Dayal
AU  - Subrat Mohanty
AU  - Sukhwinder Singh
AU  - Moumita Biswas
AU  - Kiran Kumar Reddy
AU  - Gayadhar Mallick
AU  - Om Prakash Bera
AU  - Prabhat Pandey
AU  - Sripriya Pandurangan
AU  - Raghuram Rao
AU  - Banuru Muralidhara Prasad
AU  - Ajay Madhugiri Venkatachalaiah Kumar
AU  - Sarabjit Singh Chadha
PY  - 2019
DA  - 2019/09/06
TI  - Impact of Advocacy, Communication, Social Mobilization and Active Case Finding on TB Notification in Jharkhand, India
JO  - Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health
SP  - 233
EP  - 242
VL  - 9
IS  - 4
SN  - 2210-6014
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/jegh.k.190812.002
DO  - 10.2991/jegh.k.190812.002
ID  - Shewade2019
ER  -

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