All of the articles in this proceedings volume have been presented at the 7th ICoNap USU during 06-07 July 2024 in Medan Indonesia These articles have been peer reviewed by the members of the Reviewer Committee and approved by the Editor-in-Chief, who affirms that this document is a truthful description...

The shift of the population to older ages will impact health conditions and quality of life. Older adults are more fragile, with multiple comorbidities and waning immunity. These risk factors will lead to a higher infection rate, mainly if the population lacks herd immunity against vaccine-preventable...

This case report illustrates Body Integrity Dysphoria (BID). The patient, A 25-year-old right-handed male, experienced profound distress over his left foot’s third and fourth fingers. Despite unsuccessful non-invasive treatments, he sought elective amputation of these fingers. The decision for surgery...

Eisoptrophobia, or the excessive fear of mirrors and self-images, is a specific phobia that can significantly affect daily life. People with eisoptrophobia may experience anxiety, panic, and even panic attacks when looking at a mirror. This case report discusses the experience of an individual with eisoptrophobia,...

The American Psychiatric Association defines Tardive Dyskinesia (TD) as involuntary athetoid or choreiform movements generally of the tongue, lower face, jaw and extremities (may involve the pharyngeal, diaphragmatic, or trunk muscles). Tardive dyskinesia is an iatrogenic condition that arises following...

Mood stabilizers are psychiatric medications used to help control mood swings commonly used to treat people with bipolar disorder. Mood stabilizers consist of several drugs, such as lithium, valproate, carbamazepine, clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, aripiprazole, risperidone, and lamotrigine. Some...

Extensive research has established a strong association between adverse childhood experiences, such as abuse and neglect, and the onset of schizophrenia. Childhood trauma significantly impacts psychological development, increasing the risk for various mental health disorders later in life. This case...

Schizophrenia is one of the most common of the severe mental disorders, but its essential nature remains to be clarified. The characteristic symptoms of schizophrenia involve a range of cognitive, behavioural, and emotional dysfunctions, but no single symptom is pathognomonic of the disorder. ...