Proceedings of the 19 th Otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery national congress (PERHATIKL 2022)

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Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Metastases and Clinical Considerations

Authors
Yussy Afriani Dewi1, *, Era Yulian Ineka1
1Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University/Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia
*Corresponding author.
Corresponding Author
Yussy Afriani Dewi
Available Online 31 October 2023.
DOI
10.2991/978-94-6463-280-4_45How to use a DOI?
Keywords
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma; Metastasis; Risk factors
Abstract

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a challenging cancer due to its tendency for local recurrence and distant metastasis, with bone metastasis being the most common site of metastases. This review explores the etiological role of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in NPC tumorigenesis and discusses the clinical implications of NPC metastasis, including the most common patterns and the “seed and soil” theory. Risk factors associated with NPC are also addressed, including the consumption of salted fish, instant noodles, tobacco smoking, and exposure to carcinogenic substances such as wood dust, insecticides, and grilled food. Men and older individuals are at higher risk of developing distant metastases. Understanding the distant metastasis patterns in NPC is crucial for prognosis and treatment. Bone is the most common site of metastasis, and histological type and N3 stage are predictors of poor prognosis. Dual-site metastasis is more common than single-site metastasis, with identified trends in combined organ metastases. Further research is needed to better understand NPC metastasis and improve treatment outcomes.

Copyright
© 2023 The Author(s)
Open Access
Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

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Volume Title
Proceedings of the 19 th Otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery national congress (PERHATIKL 2022)
Series
Advances in Health Sciences Research
Publication Date
31 October 2023
ISBN
978-94-6463-280-4
ISSN
2468-5739
DOI
10.2991/978-94-6463-280-4_45How to use a DOI?
Copyright
© 2023 The Author(s)
Open Access
Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

Cite this article

risenwbib
TY  - CONF
AU  - Yussy Afriani Dewi
AU  - Era Yulian Ineka
PY  - 2023
DA  - 2023/10/31
TI  - Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Metastases and Clinical Considerations
BT  - Proceedings of the 19 th Otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery national congress (PERHATIKL 2022)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 248
EP  - 253
SN  - 2468-5739
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-280-4_45
DO  - 10.2991/978-94-6463-280-4_45
ID  - Dewi2023
ER  -