This volume of proceedings contains 53 accepted papers presented at BST 2016, a leading annual conference of biological science held in Guangzhou, China, in January 8th-10th, 2016. The aim of BST 2016 was to provide, once again, a platform for world research leaders and experts from interdisciplinary areas from biology to engineering to discuss the full spectrum of current advancements and developments, emerging technologies and innovative applications in the field of biology science and technologies. Biological science remains to be one of the most exciting interdisciplinary research areas and it is continuously demonstrating exceptional strength. The main driving force of the Conference has been to further explore the intriguing potential of an interdisciplinary research approach for biological and technological advancements.

We would like to express our gratitude to all authors of submitted papers and to all of the attendees, for their contributions and participation. We believe in the need of further continuing this experience in the future.

We would also to acknowledge prof. Dr. Yu-Lung Lo from Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan and Prof. Zhen Yuan from the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, China for their key note speeches, and all the organization and individuals who supported and helped in the success of BST 2016.

Prof. Antonio Apicella
January 2016