Risk Factors and Probability of Breast Cancer in Women in West Sumatera: A Case-Control Study

DOI

10.2991/ahsr.k.220303.029How to use a DOI?

Keywords

Risk factors; Probability; Breast cancer

Abstract

Breast cancer is the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide. Most cases of breast cancer are in developing countries. In Indonesia, the number of new cases of breast cancer and deaths from breast cancer is among the highest among other countries in Southeast Asia or ASEAN. This study aims to assess the risk factors and probability of breast cancer in women in West Sumatra. This research is quantitative research with a case-control study design through a retrospective approach using a questionnaire instrument. The sample size obtained was 100 women with breast cancer (case sample) and 100 women without breast cancer (control sample) (1:1), so the total sample was 200 people. Data were analyzed bivariate using chi-square test, and multivariate using logistic regression test. The results of the logistic regression test were also used to estimate the probability of a woman getting breast cancer by calculating the equation. The results of the bivariate analysis revealed that the factors that were significantly associated with the risk of breast cancer were family history (p=0.001, OR=5.05: 95% CI, 1.82-14.00), age (p=001, OR=1.99: 95% CI, 1.06-3.38), age of menarche (p=0.034, OR=1.83: 95% CI, 1.045-3.207), age of first childbearing (p=0.001, OR=6,39: 95% CI, 2.52-16.24), parity (p=0.022, OR=2.14: 95% CI, 1.10-4.15), breastfeeding history (p=0,001, OR, 4.16: 95% CI, 1.96-8.83), oral contraceptives (p=0,044, OR, 1.88: 95% CI, 1.01-3.49), passive smoking (p=0.023, OR=2.27: 95% CI, 1.10-4.65), and fruit consumption (p=0.035, OR=2.00: 95% CI, 1.04-8.65). Meanwhile, menopausal age, physical activity, vegetable consumption, and BMI were not associated with breast cancer because the p-value > 0.05. The results of multivariate analysis showed that age, family history of breast cancer, age of giving birth to their first child, and history of breastfeeding were the most important risk factors for the occurrence of breast cancer. The most dominant factor was the age of giving birth to the first child (p = 0.001, Exp (B) = 6.16, 95% CI = 2.33–16.28, B value = 1.818). Based on logistic regression tests and equation calculations, it is known that the probability of a woman getting breast cancer is 76.46% if she has 4 risk factors for multivariate results, namely age > 50 years, there is a family history of breast cancer, age at first childbirth > 30 years and never breastfeeding/breastfeeding <12 months. This study shows that breast cancer risk factors among women in West Sumatra are strongly related to genetic, reproductive, and lifestyle factors. Therefore, it is necessary to provide health education to women about risk factors for breast cancer, and periodic examinations for early detection of breast cancer are highly recommended for women who have the risk factors mentioned above.

Copyright

© 2022 The Authors. Published by Atlantis Press International B.V.

Open Access

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license.

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TY  - CONF
AU  - Sukmayenti Sukma
AU  - Nursyirwan Effendi
AU  - Wirsma Arif Harahap
AU  - Hardisman Dasman
PY  - 2022
DA  - 2022/03/08
TI  - Risk Factors and Probability of Breast Cancer in Women in West Sumatera: A Case-Control Study
BT  - Proceedings of 1st International Conference on Health Sciences and Biotechnology (ICHB 2021)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 141
EP  - 147
SN  - 2468-5739
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/ahsr.k.220303.029
DO  - 10.2991/ahsr.k.220303.029
ID  - Sukma2022
ER  -