Black Triangle, Etiology and Treatment Approaches: Literature Review

DOI

10.2991/idcsu-17.2018.60How to use a DOI?

Keywords

Black triangle, interdental papilla, papilla reconstruction

Abstract

Currently, beauty and physical appearance is of a major concern for many people, along with the greater demands of aesthetics in the field of dentistry. Aesthetics of the gingival is one of the most important factors in the success of restorative dental care. The loss of the interdental papillae results in a condition known as the black triangle. Interdental papilla is one of the most important factors that clinicians should pay attention to, especially in terms of aesthetic. The Black triangle can cause major complaints by the patients such as: aesthetic problems, phonetic problems, food impaction, oral hygiene maintenance problems. The etiology of black triangle is multi factorial, including loss of periodontal ligaments due to recession, reduced alveolar bone height associated with interproximal contact, length of embrasure area, root angulation, position of interproximal contact, triangular crown, aging, and midline diastema. Some of the handling treatment includes non-surgical and surgical methods. Non-surgical treatments include ceramic veneer or crown, addition of composites for interdental papilla formation, apical bracket installation and use of gingival prosthesis, while surgery includes recontouring, preservation and reconstruction of the interdental papilla. This article will discuss the definition, etiology, classification and various considerations in handling the case of black triangle.

Copyright

© 2018, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press.

Open Access

This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).

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TY  - CONF
AU  - Putri Masraini Lubis
AU  - Rini Octavia Nasution
AU  - Zulkarnain
PY  - 2018/02
DA  - 2018/02
TI  - Black Triangle, Etiology and Treatment Approaches: Literature Review
BT  - Proceedings of the International Dental Conference of Sumatera Utara 2017 (IDCSU 2017)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 237
EP  - 240
SN  - 2468-5739
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/idcsu-17.2018.60
DO  - 10.2991/idcsu-17.2018.60
ID  - MasrainiLubis2018/02
ER  -