Impact of a Cu₂BaSnS₄ HTL on Interface Recombination Kinetics of Formamidinium Perovskite Solar Cells

Alok Singh Kushwaha; Arunesh Pratap Singh; Shailendra Kumar Mishra; Alok Agarwal

doi:10.2991/978-94-6239-727-9_24

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Impact of a Cu₂BaSnS₄ HTL on Interface Recombination Kinetics of Formamidinium Perovskite Solar Cells

Authors

Alok Singh Kushwaha¹^{, *}, Arunesh Pratap Singh¹, Shailendra Kumar Mishra¹, Alok Agarwal²

¹Department of Computer Science Engineering, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India

²Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Aravali College of Engineering and Management, Faridabad, Haryana, India

^*Corresponding author. Email: alok.kushwaha35214@paruluniversity.ac.in

Corresponding Author

Alok Singh Kushwaha

Available Online 22 July 2026.

DOI: 10.2991/978-94-6239-727-9_24 How to use a DOI?
Keywords: Formamidinium perovskites; HTL; ETL; Band gap
Abstract: Formamidine exhibits favourable optoelectronic characteristics and significant potential and enhanced thermal stability as a perovskite; however, their device performance is often constrained by interfacial charge losses and defect-mediated recombination processes. In this work, comprehensive numerical simulations are carried out to systematically evaluate the influence of intrinsic material parameters and buffer layer engineering on the PSC characteristics. The interfacial defect, charge carrier mobility, energy band alignment and thickness of layers are rigorously optimized to minimize recombination losses and enhance charge transport. The results indicate that the introduction of an appropriately engineered buffer layer significantly improves interfacial issues and reduces charge recombination, which significantly increases power conversion efficiency. The findings offer valuable theoretical insights and practical design guidance for achieving high-performance and durable formamidinium-based perovskite solar cell architectures. To ensure the reliability of the model, the simulation parameters were calibrated using experimentally reported data.
Copyright: © 2026 The Author(s)
Open Access: Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

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Volume Title: Proceedings of the International Conference on Sustainable Micro-Nano Materials & Innovative Technology (ICSUMMIT 2026)
Series: Atlantis Highlights in Engineering
Publication Date: 22 July 2026
ISBN: 978-94-6239-727-9
ISSN: 2589-4943
DOI: 10.2991/978-94-6239-727-9_24 How to use a DOI?
Open Access: Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

Cite this article

ris enw bib

TY  - CONF
AU  - Alok Singh Kushwaha
AU  - Arunesh Pratap Singh
AU  - Shailendra Kumar Mishra
AU  - Alok Agarwal
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/07/22
TI  - Impact of a Cu₂BaSnS₄ HTL on Interface Recombination Kinetics of Formamidinium Perovskite Solar Cells
BT  - Proceedings of the International Conference on Sustainable Micro-Nano Materials & Innovative Technology (ICSUMMIT 2026)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 318
EP  - 330
SN  - 2589-4943
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6239-727-9_24
DO  - 10.2991/978-94-6239-727-9_24
ID  - Kushwaha2026
ER  -

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