Production of Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC) from α-Cellulose Derived from Cassava Stems

DOI

10.2991/978-94-6463-475-4_8How to use a DOI?

Keywords

Cassava stem; α-cellulose extraction; alkalization; methylation; propylation

Abstract

Cassava stems contain 56.82% α-cellulose, 21.72% lignin, 21.45% Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF), and a fiber length of 0.05-0.5 cm. One cellulose derivative product that is frequently utilized in the food and pharmaceutical industries is hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC). This study aims to produce HPMC from α-cellulose derived from cassava stems HPMC Batang Ubi Kayu (HPMC BUK) according to HPMC standard specifications (HPMC Komersil (HPMC KO)). In this study, extraction of α-cellulose from cassava stems was carried out using electromagnetic, pre-hydrolysis, delignification, and bleaching processes, then α-cellulose was treated with alkalization by adding 20 ml of NaOH with variations concentration 20% w/v, 25% w/v, and 30% w/v at room temperature with time variations of 60 minutes, 120 minutes, and 180 minutes. Then followed by a methylation reaction using 6.3 ml of dimethyl sulfate (DMS) and a propylation reaction using 6 ml of propylene oxide (PO) (for 5 g of α-cellulose) at a temperature of 58.11℃ for 3 hours and continued with neutralization, filtering, and drying. The optimum conditions were obtained using 25% (w/v) NaOH with a reaction time of 60 minutes which resulted in HPMC specifications being yellowish-white, odorless, and tasteless, pH 7.7 and ash content 1.3%, water content 7.44%. The average particle size of HPMC BUK was 49.57 µm, with crystallinity of 12.5% with an oval shape and rough surface. The FTIR spectrum shows a relatively similar pattern to that of commercial HPMC. Based on the comparison with the reference, HPMC BUK showed relatively the same physicochemical characteristics.

Copyright

© 2024 The Author(s)

Open Access

Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

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TY  - CONF
AU  - L. Lismeri
AU  - A. P. Karina
AU  - T. Taharuddin
AU  - Y. Darni
AU  - A. Azhar
AU  - A. Arfiana
AU  - S. Sudibyo
PY  - 2024
DA  - 2024/08/02
TI  - Production of Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC) from α-Cellulose Derived from Cassava Stems
BT  - Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Industry Science Technology and Sustainability (IConISTS 2023)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 68
EP  - 80
SN  - 2352-5401
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-475-4_8
DO  - 10.2991/978-94-6463-475-4_8
ID  - Lismeri2024
ER  -