The hypothesis that hypertension may confer a hypercoagulable state arises from the main complications associated with hypertension, stroke and myocardial infarction. Our objective was to determine whether spontaneous hypertension confers changes in the coagulation proteins and the thrombin generating capacity in blood and the vascular wall.

We used the model of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) compared with Wistar rats. Thrombin generation was lower in platelet-rich plasma and platelet-free plasma from SHR compared to Wistar. This was related to lower tissue factor (TF) and prothrombin as well as higher TFPI levels in SHR plasma. In contrast, the addition of thoracic aorta rings of SHR to a Wistar plasma pool resulted in a higher increase in thrombin generation compared to the addition of equivalent rings from Wistar. Whereas no difference was observed for endothelial cells, thrombin formation was higher at the surface of cultured SHR aortic SMCs than from Wistar. Exposure of negatively-charged phospholipids was higher on SHR than on Wistar rings as well as on SMCs. TF and TFPI activities were higher in SHR SMCs. These results show opposite thrombin generating capacity of plasma and vessel walls in SHR compared to Wistar. The higher prothrombotic phenotype of the SHR vessel wall was due to the ability of SMCs to support thrombin generation. These findings suggest that the hypertension-induced membrane phospholipid reorganization and synthesis of procoagulant molecules in SMCs provide substrates for increased thrombin formation within the vessel wall.