Cholesterol metabolism, endothelial dysfunction, and carotid artery stiffness in type 1 diabetes☆

Timo Koponen; Maarit Hallikainen; Jukka Lipponen; Tiina Lyyra-Laitinen; Pasi A. Karjalainen; Mika P. Tarvainen; Chaiyasit Sittiwet; Tatu A. Miettinen; Tomi Laitinen; Helena Gylling

doi:10.1016/j.artres.2010.09.001

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Volume 5, Issue 1, March 2011, Pages 8 - 14

Cholesterol metabolism, endothelial dysfunction, and carotid artery stiffness in type 1 diabetes^☆

Authors

Timo Koponen^a, Maarit Hallikainen^b, Jukka Lipponen^c, Tiina Lyyra-Laitinen^a, Pasi A. Karjalainen^c, Mika P. Tarvainen^c, Chaiyasit Sittiwet^d^{, e}, Tatu A. Miettinen^d, Tomi Laitinen^a, Helena Gylling^b^{, f}^{, *}

^aDepartment of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland

^bInstitute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland

^cDepartment of Physics and Mathematics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland

^dDepartment of Medicine, Division of Internal Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

^eDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Thailand

^fDepartment of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland

^☆

Grant support: The study was supported by grants from KuopioUniversity Hospital (EVO 5031340 and 5031316), Finnish Cultural Foundation of Northern Savo, Academy of Finland (project numbers 126873 and 123579), and Yrjö Jahnsson Foundation.

^*Corresponding author. University of Eastern Finland, Department of Clinical Nutrition, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland. Tel.: +358 503302402; fax: +358 17162792. E-mail address: Helena.Gylling@uef.fi (H. Gylling).

Corresponding Author

Helena Gylling

Received 1 April 2010, Revised 26 August 2010, Accepted 3 September 2010, Available Online 25 September 2010.

DOI: 10.1016/j.artres.2010.09.001 How to use a DOI?
Keywords: Cholesterol metabolism; Endothelial function; Carotid artery stiffness; Desmosterol; Sitosterol; Type 1 diabetes
Abstract: Background: Type 1 diabetes is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases and altered metabolism of cholesterol. We studied whether the markers of arterial stiffness reflecting preclinical atherosclerosis are related to markers of cholesterol metabolism in type 1 diabetes.

Methods: In eighteen type 1 diabetes subjects aged from 20 to 56 years, serum squalene and non-cholesterol sterols were measured with gas–liquid chromatography, and carotid arterial stiffness (elastic and Young’s modulus, beta index, distensibility, and compliance), intima-media thickness (IMT), and brachial artery endothelial function (flow-mediated dilatation, FMD) were measured with ultrasound imaging.

Results: Variables of arterial stiffness were not related to serum lipids or HbA_1c except Young’s modulus and compliance to triglycerides (r = 0.541 and r = −0.552, p < 0.05 for both, respectively). Stiffness of carotid artery was related to mean blood pressure (elastic modulus r = 0.590, distensibility r = −0.486, p < 0.05 for both). Stiffness of carotid artery was associated with serum desmosterol concentration, marker of cholesterol synthesis (e.g. compliance r = −0.600, p < 0.01), and with markers of cholesterol absorption (e.g. distensibility and sitosterol to cholesterol ratio r = 0.628, p < 0.01), and the associations between absorption markers and arterial stiffness remained significant after adjustment on age and mean blood pressure.

Conclusions: Carotid arterial stiffness was associated with markers of cholesterol metabolism, but not with serum lipid levels. Low absorption-high synthesis of cholesterol was related to increased arterial stiffness. Cholesterol metabolism seems to play a role in vascular health beyond serum lipids in type 1 diabetes.
Open Access: This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC license.

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Journal: Artery Research
Volume-Issue: 5 - 1
Pages: 8 - 14
Publication Date: 2010/09/25
ISSN (Online): 1876-4401
ISSN (Print): 1872-9312
DOI: 10.1016/j.artres.2010.09.001 How to use a DOI?
Open Access: This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC license.

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ris enw bib

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Timo Koponen
AU  - Maarit Hallikainen
AU  - Jukka Lipponen
AU  - Tiina Lyyra-Laitinen
AU  - Pasi A. Karjalainen
AU  - Mika P. Tarvainen
AU  - Chaiyasit Sittiwet
AU  - Tatu A. Miettinen
AU  - Tomi Laitinen
AU  - Helena Gylling
PY  - 2010
DA  - 2010/09/25
TI  - Cholesterol metabolism, endothelial dysfunction, and carotid artery stiffness in type 1 diabetes☆
JO  - Artery Research
SP  - 8
EP  - 14
VL  - 5
IS  - 1
SN  - 1876-4401
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.artres.2010.09.001
DO  - 10.1016/j.artres.2010.09.001
ID  - Koponen2010
ER  -

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