Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health

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Volume 9, Issue 3, September 2019, Pages 147 - 152

The Hajj 2019 Vaccine Requirements and Possible New Challenges

Authors
Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq1, 2, 3, *, Ziad A. Memish4, 5, 6
1Infectious Disease Section, Specialty Medicine Department, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
2Infectious Disease Division, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
3Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
4Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
5Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Prince Mohammed Bin Abdulaziz Hospital (PMAH), Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
6Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
*Corresponding author. Email: jaffar.tawfiq@jhah.com; jaltawfi@yahoo.com
Corresponding Author
Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq
Received 3 July 2019, Accepted 5 July 2019, Available Online 25 July 2019.
DOI
10.2991/jegh.k.190705.001How to use a DOI?
Keywords
Hajj; pilgrimage; mass gathering; vaccine requirements; Saudi Arabia
Abstract

Each year millions of pilgrims perform the annual Hajj from more than 180 countries around the world. This is one of the largest mass gathering events and may result in the occurrence and spread of infectious diseases. As such, there are mandatory vaccinations for the pilgrims such as meningococcal vaccines. The 2019 annual Hajj will take place during August 8–13, 2019. Thus, we review the recommended and mandated vaccinations for the 2019 Hajj and Umrah. The mandatory vaccines required to secure the visa include the quadrivalent meningococcal vaccine for all pilgrims, while yellow fever, and poliomyelitis vaccines are required for pilgrims coming from countries endemic or with disease activity. The recommended vaccines are influenza, pneumococcal, in addition to full compliance with basic vaccines for all pilgrims against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, measles, and mumps. It is imperative to continue surveillance for the spread of antimicrobial resistance and occurrence of all infectious diseases causing outbreaks across the globe in the last year, like Zika virus, MDR-Typhoid, Nipah, Ebola, cholera, chikungunya and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus.

Copyright
© 2019 Atlantis Press International B.V.
Open Access
This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).

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Next Article In Issue>
Journal
Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health
Volume-Issue
9 - 3
Pages
147 - 152
Publication Date
2019/07/25
ISSN (Online)
2210-6014
ISSN (Print)
2210-6006
DOI
10.2991/jegh.k.190705.001How to use a DOI?
Copyright
© 2019 Atlantis Press International B.V.
Open Access
This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).

Cite this article

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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq
AU  - Ziad A. Memish
PY  - 2019
DA  - 2019/07/25
TI  - The Hajj 2019 Vaccine Requirements and Possible New Challenges
JO  - Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health
SP  - 147
EP  - 152
VL  - 9
IS  - 3
SN  - 2210-6014
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/jegh.k.190705.001
DO  - 10.2991/jegh.k.190705.001
ID  - Al-Tawfiq2019
ER  -